NOTES TO CHAPTER 5

Richard Price, Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution (London, 1784).

Gordon S. Wood, The Radicalism of the American Revolution (New York, Knopf, 1993), p. 220.

³ Ibid., p. 239.

⁴ Eric Foner, Tom Paine and Revolutionary America (New York: Oxford University Press, 197⁶)^, p. ²19.

⁵ Alan Taylor, ‘The People of British America, 1700—1750,” Foreign Policy Research Institute, available at www.fpri.org/orbis/ accessed January 10, 2006, p. 1 (based on chapters 8 and 14 in Alan Taylor, American Colonies (New York: Viking Penguin, 2001)).

⁶ Christopher Clark, The Roots of Rural Capitalism: Western Massachusetts, 1780—1860 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1990).

⁷ Winifred Barr Rothenberg, From Market-Places to a Market Economy: The Transform­ation of Rural Massachusetts, 1750—1850 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992); Alan Kulikoff, ‘‘The Transition to Capitalism in Rural America,” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Ser., 46 (1989), 120—44.

⁸ Eugene D. Genovese, The Political Economy of Slavery: Studies in the Economy and Society of the Slave South (New York: Vintage, 1965).

⁹ Adam Smith, An Inquiry in the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976), 411—2.

¹⁰ Robert William Fogel and Stanley L. Engerman, Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery (New York: Little, Brown, 1974); Robert William Fogel, Without Consent or Contract. The Rise and Fall of American Slavery (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1989).

¹¹Michael Merrill, ‘‘Putting ‘Capitalism’ in its Place: A Review of Recent Literature,” The William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Series, Vol. 52:2 (1995), 315—26.

¹² Taylor, The People of British America, p.

¹³ Phillip Greven, Four Generations: Population, Land and Family in Colonial Andover, Massachusetts (New York, 1970); Nancy R. Folbre, ‘‘The Wealth of Patriarchs: Deerfield, Massachusetts, 1760—1840,’’ Journal of Interdisciplinary History 16:2 (1985), 199—220.

¹⁴ Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, Richard Sutch, ‘‘Family Matters: The Life-Cycle Transition and the Unparalleled Antebellum American Fertility Decline,’’ in Timothy W. Guinnane, William A. Sundstrom, and Warren Whatley, eds History Matters: Essays on Economic Growth, Technology, and Demographic Change (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2002).

¹⁵ Alexander Hamilton, Papers 10:252 (5 December 1791), available on line at http://press- pubs.uchicago.edu/founders/documents/v1ch4s31.html

¹⁶ Charles Sellers, The Market Revolution. Jacksonian America, 1815—1846 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), p. 226.

¹⁷ Linda Kerber, Women of the Republic: Intellect and Ideology in Revolutionary America (New York: W.W. Norton, 1986), p. 30.

¹⁸ Philip S. Foner, The Complete Writings of Thomas Paine (New York: Citadel Press, 1945), available online at http://www.thomaspaine.org

¹⁹ Common Sense, in Foner, Complete Writings.

²⁰ Bernard Bailyn, Ideological Origin of the American Revolution (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1967); Edwin G. Burrows and Michael Wallace, ‘‘The Ideology and Psychology of National Liberation,” Perspectives in American History VI (1972), 167—306.

²¹ Dror Wahrman, ‘‘The English Problem of Identity in the American Revolution,” The American Historical Review 106: 4 (2001), p. 23.

²² Wahrman, ‘‘The English Problem of Identity,” p. 10.

²³ Wahrman, ‘‘The English Problem of Identity”.

²⁴ Joseph J. Ellis, Founding Brothers. The Revolutionary Generation (New York: Vintage, 2002).

²⁵ Kerber, Women of the Republic; Mary Beth Norton, Liberty’s Daughters: The Revolu­tionary Experience of American Women, 1750—1800 (Boston: Little, Brown, 1980).

²⁶ Pauline Schloesser, The Fair Sex. White Women and Racial Patriarchy in the Early American Republic (New York: New York University Press, 2002), p. 18; cited in Gordon S. Wood, The Radicalism of the American Revolution (New York: Knopf, 1993), p. 147.

²⁷ Gertrude Himmelfarb, The Roads to Modernity. The British French, and American Enlightenments (New York: Knopf, 2004), p. 201.

²⁸ Schloesser, The Fair Sex.

²⁹ Himmelfarb, The Roads to Modernity.

³⁰ E. P. Thompson, The Making of the English Working Class (New York: Vintage Books, 19⁶3)^, 93-4.

³¹ David Brion Davis, The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution, 1770—1823 (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1975), p. 24.

³² Bernard Bailyn, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution (Cambridge: Har­vard University Press, 1992), p. 236.

³³ Thomas F. Gossett, Race. The History of an Idea in America (Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1963), p. 42.

³⁴ Gossett, The History of an Idea, p. 44.

³⁵ Kirsten Fischer, Suspect Relations. Sex, Race, and Resistance in Colonial North Carolina (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002); Kathleen M. Brown, Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs. Gender, Race, and Power in Colonial Virginia (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996).

³⁶ Robert William Fogel, Without Consent or Contract. The Rise and Fall of American Slavery (New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1989), p. 119.

³⁷ On Jefferson’s ambivalence toward abolition, especially in his later years, see Davis, The Problem of Slavery, p 172—7.

³⁸ Gossett, Race, ρ. 43.

³⁹ Annette Gordon-Reed, Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: An American Controversy (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998).

⁴⁰ Robert William Fogel, Without Consent or Contract.

⁴¹ Davis, The Problem of Slavery.

⁴² Rhys Isaac, Landon Carter's Uneasy Kingdom: Revolution and Rebellion on a Virginia Plantation (New York: Oxford, 2004).

⁴³ Carolyn Johnston, Sexual Power. Feminism and the Family in America (Tuscaloosa, AL University of Alabama Press, 1992), p. 75.

⁴⁴ Gerda Lerner, The Feminist Thought of Sarah Grimke (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 37.

⁴⁵ Sarah Grimke, Letters on the Equality of the Sexes and Other Essays, ed. Elizabeth Ann Bartless (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988), p. 35. See also Gerda Lerner, The Feminist Thought of Sarah Grimke (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998).

⁴⁶ Grimke, Letters, p. 63.

⁴⁷ ‘‘In those employments which are peculiar to women, their time is estimated at only half of the value of that of men. A woman who goes out to wash, works as hard in proportion as a wood sawyer, or a coal heaver, but she is not generally able to make more than half as much by a day’s work.’’ Ibid., p. 59.

⁴⁸ Joan Tronto, ‘‘Beyond Gender Difference to a Theory of Care,’’ Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 12:4 (1987), 644—63 and Moral Boundaries: A Political Argument for an Ethics of Care (New York: Routledge, 1993).

⁴⁹ Charles Sellers, The Market Revolution. Jacksonian America, 1815—1846 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), p. 244.

⁵⁰ James Huzel, The Popularization of Malthus in Early 19th Century England (Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2006), 68—70.

⁵¹ Deborah A. Logan, ‘‘The Redemption of a Heretic: Harriet Martineau and Anglo- American Abolitionism in Pre-Civil War America,’’ 242—65 in Kathryn Kish Sklar and James Brewer, eds, Women's Rights and Transatlantic Antislavery in the Era of Emancipation (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007).

⁵² Harriet Martineau, Autobiography, with Memorials by Maria Weston Chapman, 4th edn.

⁵³ Harriet Martineau, ‘‘The Political Non-Existence of Women,’’ in Gayle Graham Yates, ed., Harriet Martineau on Women (New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1985), p. 136.

⁵⁴ See Logan, ‘‘Redemption,” and also Harriet Martineau, The Martyr Age of the United States (Boston: Weeks, Jordan and Company, 1839).

⁵⁵ See Note 12 in David M. Levy, ‘‘Taking Harriet Martineau’s Economics Seriously,” 262—84 in The Status of Women in Classical Economic Thought, eds Robert Dimand and Chris Nyland (Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2003).

⁵⁶ Huzel, The Popularization of Malthus, p. 77.

⁵⁷ Levy, ‘‘Taking Harriet Martineau’s Economics Seriously,’’ p. 266.

⁵⁸ Alexis de Toqueville,Democracy in America, Vol. II (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1951) Book 1, Chapter XVIII.

⁵⁹ de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, Book 1, Ch. 2.

⁶⁰ de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, Book II, Chapter 8.

⁶¹ Ibid., p. 211.